What essential conditions do mushrooms need to thrive?

Mushrooms do their best with environmental conditions that are adapted to the mushroom's growth stages. They require precise control of humidity, light exposure, and air quality to grow properly, unlike plants. If you know what they need, you'll avoid a lot of frustration with stunted growth or home contamination.

Light has a specific role in mushroom development. Use 12 hours of indirect light per day from east-facing windows, or low-watt LEDs. This provides a trigger for cap formation and pigmentation. Direct sunlight destroys tender tissues, and darkness produces pale, malformed fruits.

Maintaining proper temperature regulation is critical throughout the various growth cycles. When colonizing, mycelium needs consistent warmth at 70-75°F. Fruiting temperatures will vary, however, by species. I sometimes use a seedling heat mat and thermostat, which allows me to adjust the temperature exactly as I desire. It's best to avoid temperature fluctuations that exceed 5°F, as this can stress out mushrooms.

Pay close attention to fresh air exchange. Stagnant air will result in a buildup of CO₂, which can be seen as thin, elongated stems. Set up computer fans on timers for air exchange. You must balance this with keeping water vapor in the system using micropore tape on air holes.

Substrate preparation is the foundation. Sterilize coffee grounds or hardwood pellets with complete care. Maintain a moisture level of 60-65% by weight, test by squeezing a handful to a single drop. Good preparation eliminates most contamination problems.

Read the full article: How to Grow Mushrooms at Home: Beginner Guide