What are the best plants for steep slopes?
Written by
Paul Reynolds
Reviewed by
Prof. Samuel Fitzgerald, Ph.D.Steep slopes require erosion control plants with strong anchoring systems. The effects of gravity and surface runoff make these areas subject to continuous rearrangement. Therefore, these plants must have long roots that penetrate to the deeper layers of soil. Not only must these plants withstand sliding forces, but they also help stabilize the ground on which they are found. Choosing the right plants will aid in the effective prevention of landslides that cause the loss of valuable soil resources.
Root Structure
- Deep taproots reaching 5+ feet anchor soil vertically
- Spreading rhizomes create horizontal networks across slopes
- Fibrous mats bind surface soil preventing top layer erosion
Environmental Adaptability
- Drought tolerance for dry slope conditions
- Flood resistance for drainage pathways
- Wind resilience on exposed hillsides
Correct installation enhances plant growth. Pockets in terraced plantings hold water on slopes, space shrubs 3~5 feet to give roots room to grow. Use erosion control blankets to protect newly planted areas. Apply gravel mulch between plants to minimize surface runoff.
Indigenous species can show significant dominance over non-native species. Plantings such as Virginia Sweetspire will develop extensive root systems in just two years, which means you won't need supplemental irrigation once they are established. Wildlife will also benefit from habitat restoration, leading to self-sustaining protection for your slope.
Care for plants with seasonal inspections and check roots after heavy rains. Prune groundcovers annually to enhance density. Replace wood chips every two years. Watch for invasive plants in your neighborhood competing with your erosion protection plants.
Read the full article: 10 Best Erosion Control Plants for Your Landscape
