How does tree type affect planting time?
Written by
Paul Reynolds
Reviewed by
Prof. Martin Thorne, Ph.D.Different physiological requirements dictate tree species' ideal planting times and associated planting windows. Bare-root specimens need a period of complete dormancy during the winter months to survive the transplant process. Evergreens require warmer soil temperatures in the spring to maintain moisture reserves. Containerized trees offer the most flexibility in timing, but there are still constraints. Tropical species need a constant warm environment year-round.
Root System Characteristics
- Bare-root trees: Only viable when completely dormant
- Container trees: Protected roots tolerate temperature swings
- Evergreens: Year-round moisture needs require warmer soil
- Tropicals: Shallow roots need consistent warmth
Seasonal Adaptations
- Deciduous trees: Energy reserves support dormancy planting
- Conifers: Needle retention creates winter dehydration risks
- Fruit trees: Bud development requires specific chilling hours
- Palms: Tropical origins demand frost-free conditions
Evergreens present distinct challenges due to their persistent foliar presence throughout the year. Their needle-like leaves constantly release moisture, making it worthwhile to have warmer soil to support the uptake of moisture. I will not plant pines and spruces when the soil temperature is lower than 45°F (7°C). Tropical species, such as citrus, require a minimum soil temperature of 60°F (16°C) to maintain consistent growth, as temperatures below this threshold can cause root shock.
Regional climate modifies these requirements above all else. Coastal regions prolong tropical planting seasons with mild winters. Mountain areas have shorter bare-root windows and earlier overall frost. Urban heat islands will dictate timelines for evergreen planting earlier. Always assess local soil temperatures, not just air forecasts.
Container trees offer the most planting flexibility, yet they still require care. In the summer, provide afternoon shade and water daily. In winter, use heavy-duty mulch to insulate. I have successfully container-planted maples year-round except for extreme temperature spikes above 90°F (32°C) or below 20°F (-7°C).
Read the full article: When to Plant Trees for Best Growth
