How do I choose plants for my specific erosion problem?
Written by
Paul Reynolds
Reviewed by
Prof. Samuel Fitzgerald, Ph.D.Choosing the right plants for erosion control involves matching species to your specific site requirements. Begin by identifying the primary environmental factors that impact soil stability. Different types of erosion problems require different types of plant solutions. Proper plant selection will provide long-term stability to slopes and promote the health of the landscape.
Soil Analysis
- Texture test: Squeeze damp soil to identify clay/sand/loam
- Drainage check: Dig 12-inch hole, time water absorption
- pH testing: Use kit to determine acidity/alkalinity levels
Erosion Pattern Identification
- Sheet erosion: Uniform soil loss across slopes
- Rill erosion: Small channels forming on inclines
- Gully erosion: Deep trenches cutting through landscape
Determine slope steepness with simple instruments. Use a level and a ruler to determine the percentage of the gradient. Mild slopes (under 15%) are well-suited for ground covers like Sedum. Moderate hills (15-33%) need shrubs such as Dogwood. Steep hills (over 33%) require perennials with deep root systems, such as Switchgrass.
Evaluate the amount of sunlight each area receives during the day. Areas that receive full sun receive at least six hours of direct sunlight and can support the growth of grasses and junipers. Partial shade areas receive three to six hours of sun and are good for plants like Sweetspire. Deep shade areas under trees require adaptable plants, such as Wild Ginger. It is necessary to select plants according to the light conditions to ensure the optimum growth of both the plants and other life forms in the area.
Assess the drainage patterns in your yard due to rainfall. Make note of the spots where there are indications of pools or where the ground has been rendered incompatible. Mark the routes where the flow of water is concentrated in cases of rain. Be sure to plant plants that love moisture, such as Rushes, in those low spots. Use drought-resistant plants, such as Stonecrop, in the drier sections.
Strategically combine plants for all-around protection. Use deep-rooted shrubs with shallow-rooting groundcovers. Utilize native plants listed on recommended erosion control plant lists. This layered strategy addresses multiple forces of erosion simultaneously, creating resilient landscapes.
Implement your plant choices using best management practices. Amend the soil with composted soil, space per mature root spread. Install during the best seasons for establishment. This will ensure that your selected plants are effectively performing their erosion control functions.
Read the full article: 10 Best Erosion Control Plants for Your Landscape
