Can drought-resistant plants survive freezing temperatures?
Written by
Benjamin Miller
Reviewed by
Prof. Martin Thorne, Ph.D.Numerous drought-resistant plants can tolerate the cold through specially evolved adaptations. Sedum, Russian sage, and yarrow will survive temperatures as low as -40°F when they have deep roots and protective leaves. These hardy representatives evolved in climates characterized by cold winters and dry summers. I have been able to keep blooming gardens through Colorado winters by using the above hardy plants.
Root Adaptations
- Deep taproots penetrate below frost lines to access unfrozen water
- Extensive lateral roots store nutrients for spring recovery
- Root hairs produce antifreeze proteins in subzero conditions
Foliage Protection
- Waxy coatings on leaves reduce winter desiccation
- Deciduous varieties drop leaves to conserve energy
- Evergreens like juniper have needle structures minimizing snow load
Growth Habits
- Low-growing forms like creeping thyme avoid wind damage
- Clumping grasses trap insulating snow around crowns
- Woody stems develop thick bark for thermal protection
Plant in southern exposure where winter sun warms them. Well-drained soil prevents root rot, a condition that is particularly important in areas with freeze-thaw cycles. Avoid fertilizing late in summer, as this stimulates tender growth that is susceptible to frost injury. My Montana clients have about 95 percent success after following these simple rules.
Winter protection is critical during temperature fluctuations. Mulch with 3 inches of mulch after the first hard frost to insulate root systems. Provide burlap screens to protect young plants from drying winds. Avoid using plastic coverings that cause scorching on sunny days. Established specimens will need little assistance.
Recovery in spring varies by species. Sedums exhibit growth when the soil temperature reaches 40°F. Russian sage may not sprout new growth until late spring and may seem dead. Be patient before removing winter protection. Each of these tough plants recovers better every year.
Read the full article: Top 10 Drought Resistant Plants for Gardens
